Saturday, 16 June 2012

News Values - Lecture 10

I have to be honest. When I saw the next few topics including this lecture I thought to myself. Please, No. Being a third year in a course made up of predominately first years already makes me feel old and sometimes a bit stupid. I put of all my journalism classes to get through all my political science ones first which is why I am starting this now.

When you get to your third year you start to hear repeats of certain topics in different courses. I remember at one point in time all my POLS classes having the exact same topic around the same time in one semester. I have done a similar course to this called Politics and the Media and we went through a lot of media works and sociology of news. So of course I am here thinking, I know all this already. I got over my big fat head and decided to just go to the lecture.

News Values = The amount of importance a story is given by a media outlet and the amount of attention an audience gives.

News values are:


  • Impact
  • Audience Identification
    • Interesting
    • Relates to what is happening around you
    • Relevant to your cultural audience 
  • Pragmatics
    • Ethics
    • Facticity
    • Practice
    • Everyday (24/7)
  • Source Influence
    • Media PR
    • News and PR have a love to hate relationship
    • News is incapable without PR
Dr. Redman also went into detail about News Worthiness and what factors control the worth of a story to a particular audience. The Galtung & Ruge 12+ factors were too long to state every factor so everyone car look back to their lecture slides. 

Here is a reduced list of 4 basic values (Judy McGregor 2002):
  • Visualness
    • Appeal to audiences
  • Conflict
    • A tried & true news value
  • Emotion
    • Tied up with human interest
  • Celebrification of the journalist
"IF IT BLEEDS IT LEADS."

Thursday, 14 June 2012

Ethics Lecture 8

I am not sure if I was the only one who thought this lecture was going to be exceedingly boring, then again I think any lecture is going to be exceedingly boring. I know, I am so happy to be learning. Lets just say sitting in a class is not my most delightful hour. However, this hour seemed to be quite the brightened one.

I did spend most of my time looking at the handout that was appointed during this lecture and tried making sure I was super neat and doing exactly right. I think I was convinced that this was going to be secretly marked on the sly and I had to make a good impression.

This lecture was taken by Dr. John Harrison. Nice Guy.

I obviously was not expecting all the photographs in this lecture. I was expecting a hand out with 100 dot points on things not to do in Journalism. So I was quite easily entertained once my low expectations had been squashed.

While there was entertainment there also was theory.

Ethical Theories:

  • Deontology 
    • Rules
    • Principles
    • Duties
  • Consequentialism
    • It's getting a "good" or "right" outcome that matters
    • Never mind how you got there
    • The end may justify the means (a saying I know too well being a POLS student)
  • Virtue Ethics
    • Habits and character create virtues such as
      • courage
      • justice
      • temperance
      • prudence
My personal favourite billboard that was shown during the lecture was the Air Asia.

In case you missed it.

I remember seeing this near my house and just thinking. Clever. 

Saturday, 26 May 2012

Annotated Bibliography - Politicians and Late-Night Comedy.


Baym, G. 2007. ‘Crafting New Communicative Models in the Televisual Sphere: Political Interviews on The Daily Show.’ The Communication Review 10(2): 93-115.

Geoffrey Baym, writes an intriguing journal article exploring the rise in the use of Daily shows such as The Daily Show with Jon Stewart as a means of political communication. Being a peer reviewed journal article in a credible journal, The Communication Review, Geffory Baym also actively teaches in the Department of Media at the University of North Carolina, which offers credible insight and knowledge in to the workings of media and communication. In the lead up to the 2004 presidential elections in the US there was a massive embracement of using late-night comedy shows as a platform for political discussion. Baym uses The Daily Show as his primary example and strives to examine the way TDS uses rules from both ‘public affairs and celebrity chat’ as a form of interaction. Baym largely commits this article to the argument that while there may be no legislative drive behind it the use of interviews used through TDS offers a much-needed change to the political communication. The conclusion of the argument suggests that The Daily Show offers an example of a communication that ‘constructs argument and demands accountability’. The three other media sources that will be annotated allow support to the article and show the increase of politicians using platforms of entertainment as ways to communicate. While this journal article was published in 2007 and may hinder the accurate account of current political communication it certainly has credible argument towards the increase of political use through entertainment based television shows. 

Ross, M. 2004. ‘Younger Americans get news from a new place’. MSNBC.com. Accessed on May 25 2012. Available at http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5520569/ns/politics/t/younger-americans-get-news-new-place/#.T78X7mj7I20

Reporter and News Editor for MSNBC.com, Michael E. Ross, has a standing reputation for reporting on trends in politics, culture and race in America. His long resume includes The New York Times, the San Jose Mercury News and many other news channels. While the credibility of MSNBC may have declined over the recent years Ross’s work and long line of credible experience allows this article to be reliable. The article addresses the January report from the pew regarding young Americans that get their election news from late-night comedy shows. The report found that 21% of young Americans from the ages 18-29 were accessing their election news from shows that were mentioned in the journal article text such as The Daily Show. The article seems to take a biased view towards using comedy shows as political news. Ross uses a Syracuse University Academic, Robert J Thompson, who argues that using these avenues, as a source of news is ‘a bad thing, pure and simple’. This article fits well with the text by Graham Baym and shows support to the argument that there is an increase in the use of daily shows as a platform for political communication.

Gray, M. 2007. ‘Campaigning in Late Night’. Time.com. Accessed May 25 2012. Available at http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1657421,00.html

Time.com Producer and Writer, Madison Gray has an impressive backing of experience behind her. Like Michael Ross from one of the other texts of this annotated bibliography, Gray, also has experience with large and credible news organizations such as The New York Times. As well as Internet news experience she also has had a hand at a weekly podcast and a radio consultant in Ghana. As with the other two texts, Gray highlights the growing use of comedy late night shows for political communication. This text now looks at an event in which Hilary Clinton appears –for the seventh time- on the Late Night With David Letterman show and notes how she has become a regular interviewee and has even used the Letterman show to announce her candidacy for the U.S Senate in 2000. Like the previous text by Ross, Gray addresses the Pew Center study that suggests a large majority of voters get their political information from these shows. However this text takes into account an alternative view that allows the premise that this stimulates political participation and offers a personal side to the political leaders that traditional news would perhaps not show. It is becoming an obvious trend that the proliferation of political communication through these channels is a notable change throughout the evolution of politics and communication. 

Burkeman, O. 2009. ‘Obama sells economic plan on Leno show.’ The Guardian. Accessed May 24 2012. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/20/barack-obama-economic-recovery-plan

British Journalist, Oliver Burkeman is a writer for the world-known newspaper The Guardian. Burkeman is perhaps one of the most praised out of the journalists used in other texts receiving Foreign Press Association’s Young Journalist of the Year as well as being shortlisted for the Orwell Prize. Burkemans achievements along with his notable job create a credible source for this text.  The article explores President Obama and his appearance on another late-night comedy show, Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Obama surprisingly used his time on the show to pitch his plan for economic recovery. While the other three texts may have expressed an argument towards using these platforms to show a more personal side of politicians, Burkeman used press spokesman, Robert Gibbs, who noted that this appearance was not a humorous visit but rather a policy building towards Obama’s economic plan. This last text is a more recent event that shows the way that political leaders such as President Obama still use the platform of a comedy talk show as way to interact and address the public. While the other three text may have become a bit out dated this texts offers a still standing argument towards the increasing use of talk shows. 





Friday, 20 April 2012

Public Media. Lecture 7.

Ahh Public Media. Something I can be more fond of rather than its opposite, Commercial media. The Public Media can be dramatically described as the media for the people. Rather than relying on the money value the public media is clearly used to serve citizens. It can be noted however that Public Media can also be for profit as long as its main objective is to serve the public and not the profit. Within Australia the avenues that we can access the Public Media is predominantly through the SBS and the ABC.

In the lecture it was shown that the Public media should have 'Public Value'. That 'Public Value' has been described by the BBC as:


  • Embedding a 'public service ethos'
  • Value for license fee money
  • Weighing public Value against market impact
  • Public consultation
The prime functions of the Public Media include
  • Nation Building
  • National Heritage
  • National Identity 
  • National Conversations
For me the Public Media that is predominately accessed is the News. This is also one of the key mechanisms for the Public Media. The only time I ever watch television I always have it switched to the ABC and am either watching Q&A or ABC worldwide. In the lecture interesting facts were shown that came as a surprise the two that stood out were:

  1. 41% of Australians get their news format he ABC
  2. Each week 12.6 million Australians watch ABC TV
This brings a warmth to my soul knowing that we are not all about the trash and some of us Australians are getting a decent education even if it just through the News. 

The Public Media do however face challenges and these challenges included:
  • To produce quality
  • To make themselves relevant
  • To engage with the democratic process
  • To inform the public
  • To be independent
The realisation of how big of a job the Public Media have for themselves in ensuring this To-Do list gets done makes me want to tip my hat to them even more. 

Commercial Schmercial. Lecture 6.

Commerical media has a wide range of avenues, free-to-air tv, paid tv, newspapers, radio stations and magazines. This type of media is essentially profit driven. It is not government funded or license funded. The profit stream comes from the use of advertising and using the audiences gained to respond to advertisement used. The greater the audience the greater exposure of advertisements.

Within Australia there is many actors within commercial media these include:

  • Nine Entertainment Co. 
  • News Limited
  • Fairfax Media
  • APN News & Media
  • WIN corporation
  • Southern Cross Broadcasting
  • Seven West Media
  • Ten
Alike many of my peers the surprise revelation of companies owning what we the public see as competing media. For example, News Limited - The Australian and The Courier Mail. This aligns nicely to the conclusion that Commerical Media is essentially just for the MONEY. 

A question was posed during the lecture asking, "Can commercial media deliver on both commercial (profit) and social (public trust) functions? (or is it really just about the almighty $ dollar?)". My answer to this question would be a straight No and Yes, it is all about the almighty dollar. An example of this came about not that too long ago. I was sitting at home surprisingly watching the television (that is rare for me) and for about 5 whole seconds a breaking news reel came across the screen stating "Breaking News: 8.7 earthquake off Indonesia. Tsunami Warning". I have never shared my story but my parents are missionaries and my Mother could possibly be in Indonesia (I didn't know which one at the time since I had not heard from her in a week and she moves too fast for me to catch up). For me this message is alarming, I expected the next advertising break to at least have a news update on exactly what had happened considering there was a 'Breaking News' reel shown. This did not happen. The advertisements started and all it showed were those annoying back to back insurance advertisements. I remember thinking right at that moment "Damn you, Commerical Media!". 

Now the quote by John McManus from the lecture springs to mind, 'Commercial = corrupt; lack of quality; profit over-rides social responsibility'. I highly agree with this quote and am disappointed that this is the reality of commercial media. 

PICTURES and STORIES. Picture Stories! Lecture 4.

PICTURE STORIES is definitely my kind of story. Or rather my kind of lecture. By now I am sure you have a gathered I love visuals. Old or new a photo or a drawing sparks joy within my soul if I am able to relate or be moved. 



Dr. Redman showed us what I assume is his favourite youtube clip of the Dove transformation advert



Before this lecture I had never actually seen this before and I found it quite cool. Growing up around this kind of 'picture' journalism I have never been oblivious to the fact that this activity happens. At the moment I am reading Tina Fey's very funny book, Bossypants. In the book she talks about photoshop being used on her photos and takes a different argument on the subject. Unlike most arguments that fight for the right of self-esteem and natural beauty if you will, Tina Fey tells it straight in her book stating "Give it up. Retouching is here to stay. Technology doesn't move backwards". She also argues, "At least with photoshop you don't really have to alter your body. It's better than all these disgusting injectables and implants". I for one agree with Tina and not just because she is awesome. A lot of people do it at home on their own pictures for Facebook or twitter anyway. Natural beauty is great but people always want something they can't have at least not without surgery therefore Photoshop is the easy way out.

The Jonathon Thurston case study was an interesting hands way to show at how different pictures depict the same story in very different views. I was very interested in other peoples picks of which photo made it as everyone thinks differently. Also learning that the photo used was taken on an iPhone is great and shows that everyone is able to take a great photo without having to be 'professional'. This adds confidence to knowing 'I am a Journalist'.